What are Angiosperm?

What are Angiosperm? They are the most complex green flowering plants They are vascular plants They have well developed and complete flowers They are seed plants with seeds enclosed in the fruit They are mainly terrestrial plants They show more specialized reproductive mechanism involving pollination and fertilization. Angiosperms can be sub-divided into two classes according to the number of seed leaves (cotyledons). These are: (i) Dicotyledonous plants and (ii) Monocotyledonous plants. Dicotyledonous Plants of Angiosperm Characteristics of Dicotyledonous Plants as an Angiosperm They bear seeds which have two seeds leaves or cotyledons The vascular bundles of each stem are arranged in a regular pattern Their floral parts exist in groups of four or five The leaves have veins arranged in branched network They have tap root system They usually undergo secondary growth Examples include mango, orange, cowpea, groundnut, balsam plant. Monocotyledonous Plants of Angiosperm Characteristics of Monocotyledonous Plants as an Angiosperm They bear seeds which have only one seed leaf (cotyledon) The vascular bundles of the stem are scattered. Their floral parts exist in groups of three or multiples of three Their leaves have veins running parallel to another They fibrous root system The do not undergo secondary growth Examples are maize plant. Rice, oil palm trees and guinea grass Some major Differences between Monocotyledonous and Dicotyledonous plants Monocotyledonous plantsDicotyledonous plants(i)They possess only one seed lead or cotyledonThey possess two seed leaves or cotyledons(ii)They have scattered vascular bundles of stemVascular bundles of stem are arranged in regular pattern(iii)They have fibrous root systemThey have tap root system (iv)They exhibit hypogeal germinationThey exhibit epigeal germination (v)Floral parts exist in groups of three or multiples of three The floral parts exist in groups of four or give (vi)They possess parallel venation They possess net venation (vii)There is presence of large pith, ring of vascular bundle in the centre of stemThere is presence of xylem (water conducting tissue) in the centre of stem (viii)They do not undergo secondary growthThey undergo secondary growth